Trajectory Komplikasi PMS: Perjalanan Penyakit dan Konsekuensi Jangka Panjang pada LGBT: Narrative Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57218/jkj.Vol5.Iss1.2118Kata Kunci:
HPV, IMS, LGBT, komplikasi, PMSAbstrak
Penyakit Menular Seksual (PMS) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan global, terutama pada kelompok lesbian, gay, biseksual, dan transgender (LGBT) yang memiliki risiko lebih tinggi akibat perilaku seksual berisiko, stigma, dan keterbatasan layanan kesehatan. Penelitian ini merupakan narrative literature review yang meninjau perjalanan dan konsekuensi jangka panjang PMS pada populasi LGBT. Dari hasil penyaringan, diperoleh 10 artikel yang relevan dan dianalisis secara naratif. Sebagian besar studi menunjukkan tingginya insidensi sifilis, gonore, klamidia, dan HPV pada kelompok LGBT, terutama pria yang berhubungan seks dengan pria (MSM). HPV tipe onkogenik memiliki persistensi tinggi dan meningkatkan risiko kanker anal, penis, dan orofaring. Walaupun PrEP menekan infeksi HIV, angka IMS bakteri tetap tinggi akibat perilaku berisiko dan faktor psikososial. Penyakit Menular Seksual (PMS) pada populasi LGBT bersifat kronis dan kompleks, dengan dampak fisik dan psikologis jangka panjang, sehingga diperlukan upaya pencegahan, skrining, dan layanan kesehatan yang inklusif untuk menekan komplikasi dan transmisi berkelanjutan.
Referensi
Ashaka, O. S., Omoare, A. A., James, A. B., et al. (2022). Prevalence and risk factors of genital human papillomavirus infections among women in Lagos, Nigeria. Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, 7(11). https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed7110386
Ashry, M., Shawky, S., Mounir, Z., et al. (2024). Prevalence and risk factors of human papillomavirus infection among women living with HIV in Egypt: A cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health, 24(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-19240-z
Beesley, V., & Thng, C. (2022). Testing for Mycoplasma genitalium in pelvic inflammatory disease: A clinical audit. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 62(6), 826–829. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajo.13609
Brown, E. E., Patel, E. U., Poteat, T. C., et al. (2024). Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among transgender women with and without HIV in the eastern and southern United States. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 229(6), 1614–1627. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiad605
Chambers, C., Deeks, S. L., Sutradhar, R., et al. (2023). Vaccine effectiveness against 12-month incident and persistent anal human papillomavirus infection among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 228(1), 89–100. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiad005
Hazra, A., Collison, M. W., & Davis, A. M. (2022). CDC sexually transmitted infections treatment guidelines, 2021. JAMA, 327(4). https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2022.1246
Jongen, V. W., van der Loeff, M. F. S., van den Elshout, M., et al. (2023). Bacterial sexually transmitted infections are concentrated in subpopulations of men who have sex with men using HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis. AIDS, 37(13), 2059–2068. https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000003676
Psomas, C. K., Penaranda, G., Retornaz, F., et al. (2022). A cohort analysis of sexually transmitted infections among different groups of men who have sex with men in the early era of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis in France. Journal of Virus Eradication, 8(1), 100065. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jve.2022.100065
Scheim, A. I., Rich, A. J., Zubizarreta, D., et al. (2024). Health status of transgender people globally: A systematic review of research on disease burden and correlates. PLOS ONE, 19(3), e0299373. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0299373
Smith, L., & Angarone, M. P. (2022). Sexually transmitted infections. Urologic Clinics of North America, 42(4), 507–518. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ucl.2015.06.004
Tesfaye, E., Kumbi, B., Mandefro, B., et al. (2024). Prevalence of human papillomavirus infection and associated factors among women attending cervical cancer screening in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-54754-x
Torres Silva, M. S., Torres, T. S., Coutinho, C., et al. (2024). Bacterial sexually transmitted infections among men who have sex with men and transgender women using oral pre-exposure prophylaxis in Latin America (ImPrEP): A secondary analysis of a prospective, open-label, multicentre study. The Lancet HIV, 11(10), e670–e679. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-3018(24)00211-X
UNAIDS. (2022). HIV and men who have sex with men. https://www.unaids.org/en/resources/fact-sheet
World Health Organization. (2023). Men who have sex with men. https://www.who.int/teams/global-hiv-hepatitis-and-stis-programmes/populations/men-who-have-sex-with-men
World Health Organization. (2023). Sexually transmitted infections (STIs). https://data.who.int/dashboards/sti/epidemiology
Ye, Z.-H., Chen, S., Liu, F., et al. (2022). Patterns of sexually transmitted co-infections and associated factors among men who have sex with men: A cross-sectional study in Shenyang, China. Frontiers in Public Health, 10, 842644. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.842644
Yu, J., Zhou, Y., Luo, H., et al. (2023). Mycoplasma genitalium infection in the female reproductive system: Diseases and treatment. Frontiers in Microbiology, 14, 1098276. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1098276
Zhang, Z., Ling, X., Liu, L., Xi, M., Zhang, G., & Dai, J. (2022). Natural history of anal papillomavirus infection in HIV-negative men who have sex with men based on a Markov model: A 5-year prospective cohort study. Frontiers in Public Health, 10, 891991. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.891991
Zhang, Z., Xing, Y., Gong, T., Li, W., Zhang, S., & Wei, L. (2024). Impact of HIV on HPV-related cancers in men who have sex with men: A review. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 14, 1428491. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1428491
Zhou, X., Tian, T., Lu, Z., et al. (2023). Incidence, persistence, and clearance of anogenital human papillomavirus among men who have sex with men in Taiwan: A community cohort study. Frontiers in Immunology, 14, 1190007. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1190007.
